Energy Efficiency Retrofitting of Buildings Challenges and Methods", Diller, Anthony; Edmondson, Jerry; Luo, Yongxian (2004). Address: 133 Chanthakhoummarn Road, Chanthabouly district. Additionally, the Khao San Pathet Lao, the country's official news agency, publishes English and French versions of its eponymous paper. In their opposition of the repatriation plans, Democratic and Republican Members of Congress challenged the Clinton administration's position that the government of Laos was not systematically violating Hmong human rights. The Lao subsequently established their own kingdom named the Lan Xang in 1354. [123] Approximately 77% of Lao farm households are self-sufficient in rice. Most people live in valleys of the Mekong River and its tributaries. Other terms are Khmu, Khamu (Kammu) or Kha as the Lao Loum refer to them to indicate their Austroasiatic language affiliation. There are many traditions and rituals associated with rice production in different environments and among many ethnic groups. Photo: Tango7174, CC BY-SA 4.0. Laos, landlocked country of northeast-central mainland Southeast Asia. The Laos government, through attorney Colin M. Thompson, filed the petition on Monday and also named Lao . Trekking in Luang Namtha Population 6.7 million. In 1950, the French were forced to give Laos semi-autonomy as an "associated state" within the French Union. Giant Buddha Statue Plan Rankles Residents of Laos' Capital: Report By Sebastian Strangio A Chinese firm's plans to build a 100-meter-high Buddha statue in low-lying Vientiane encapsulate China . [149], Hill people and minority cultures of Laos such as the Hmong, Yao (Mien) (Hmong-Mien), Dao, Shan, and several Tibeto-Burman speaking peoples have lived in isolated regions of Laos for many years. The khaen traditionally accompanied the singer in mor lam, the dominant style of folk music. Set at the point where the Mekong and Nam Khan rivers meet, Luang Prabang stands in front of a backdrop of a magnificent hilltop temple. Lan Xang became an important trade centre during Samsenthai's reign, but after his death in 1421 it collapsed into warring factions for nearly a century. "Laos refuses to take back Thai-based Hmong refugees", Smith, Philip, Washington, D.C. (12 December 2014), Kyophilavong, Phouphet, et al. This sector has made significant contributions to the economic condition of Laos. The country encompasses a total area of 237,955 square km and had a . [76], In 1989, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), with the support of the US government, instituted the Comprehensive Plan of Action, a programme to stem the tide of Indochinese refugees from Laos, Vietnam, and Cambodia. [144], The people of Laos are often categorised by their distribution by elevation: (lowlands, midlands and upper high lands) as this somewhat correlates with ethnic groupings. Lao Soung account for about 10% of the population. Location: Champasak Province, Laos. Mountain/hill tribes of mixed ethno/cultural-linguistic heritage are found in northern Laos, which include the Lua and Khmu people who are indigenous to Laos. Located on the banks of the Mekong River, Vientiane is a city steeped in legend and history. [46], The official and majority language is Lao, a language of the Tai-Kadai language family. Other Buddhist holy places are Wat Ong . [26] Archaeological evidence suggests an agriculturist society developed during the 4th millennium BC. Lao PDR: How to Attract More Investment in Small-Scale Renewable Energy? [65] Vientiane has a total area of 3,920 square km and an average elevation of 174 m. The city experiences a tropical savanna climate. They were the indigenous inhabitants of northern Laos. [179] Only 3.5% of women and 2.1% of men between the ages of 1549 were in a polygamous union as of 2017. The organisation estimates that there are 173,800 French speakers in Laos (2010 est.). [13] After a period of internal conflict, Lan Xang broke into three separate kingdoms: Luang Phrabang, Vientiane and Champasak. The Pathet Lao were backed militarily by the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) and the Viet Cong. The capital city has more of a small town feel than that of a capital. The main international airports are Vientiane's Wattay International Airport and Luang Prabang International Airport with Pakse International Airport also having a few international flights. The main investor is Thailand. The Capital City of Laos (officially named Lao People's Democratic Republic) is the city of Vientiane.The population of Vientiane in the year 2007 was 6,521,998. [171], As of 2018, Laos has three theatres dedicated to showing films.[172]. The city is Laos' capital and is located along the banks of the Mekong River. [17][18], The word Laos was coined by the French, who united the three Lao kingdoms in French Indochina in 1893 and named the country as the plural of the dominant and most common ethnic group, the Lao people. A post-independence civil war began, which saw the communist resistance, supported by the Soviet Union, fight against the monarchy that later came under influence of military regimes supported by the United States. A Chinese firm's plans to build a 100-meter-high Buddha statue in low-lying Vientiane encapsulate China's outsized . THE government of the Lao People's Democratic Republic has petitioned the District Court for the NMI to enforce foreign arbitral awards against Bridge Capital LLC and its principal John Baldwin in the total amount of $5,026,983.98. [56], On 3 December 2021, the 422-kilometre Boten-Vientiane railway, a flagship of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) was opened. From 1975 to 1996, the United States resettled some 250,000 Lao refugees from Thailand, including 130,000 Hmong. [110][111], Human rights advocates including Vang Pobzeb, Kerry and Kay Danes, and others have also raised concerns about human rights violations, torture, the arrest and detention of political prisoners as well as the detention of foreign prisoners in Laos including at the infamous Phonthong Prison in Vientiane. Laos became independent in 1953, with a constitutional monarchy under Sisavang Vong. [74] Their Russian-built Antonov AN 74-300 with 20 people on board crashed in Xiangkhouang Province. According to linguistic and other historical evidence, Tai-speaking tribes migrated southwestward to the modern territories of Laos and Thailand from Guangxi sometime between the 8th and 10th centuries. In 2017, the country sent a team for the first time to the team events at the Southeast Asian Games. Capital: Vientiane. The only legal political party is the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (LPRP). Visiting Vientiane, Laos, elicits such a diversity of opinions from travelers, it's often hard . [155], The adult literacy rate for women in 2017 was 62.9%; for adult men, 78.1%. Vientiane is located at 17.9757, 102.6331, at an elevation of 570 ft. ", Barclay, Adam and Shrestha, Samjhana (AprilJune 2006). In 2017, Laos suffered fiscal and monetary difficulties which resulted in low levels of foreign reserves. [47][51] The royalists set up a government in exile in the United States. [68] Laos also maintained a "special relationship" with Vietnam and formalised a 1977 treaty of friendship and cooperation that created tensions with China. [47] As of 22March2021[update] the head of state is President Thongloun Sisoulith. However, as of 2018, there are approximately 1.9million of Lao's population who could not access an improved water supply and 2.4million people without access to improved sanitation. [182] Its national football team is a member of the Asian Football Confederation and of the ASEAN Football Federation. Laos's strategies for development are based on generating electricity from rivers and selling the power to its neighbours, namely Thailand, China and Vietnam, as well as its initiative to become a "land-linked" nation, as evidenced by the construction of four new railways connecting Laos and neighbours. [69] Trade relations with the United States were normalised in November 2004 through Congress approved legislation. With an estimated population of 760,000 in 2015, the city is also the most populous in the nation. Vientiane prefecture, the capital and largest city, had about 683,000 residents in 2020. Vientiane, Laos - Jul 29, 1998: Tuk-tuk and Patuxai Triumphal arch in Lane Xang Avenue. Laos is a landlocked country on the Indo-Chinese peninsula between Thailand and Vietnam. Many elements of Lao culture predate Buddhism. At the heart of the Indochinese Peninsula, Laos is bordered by Myanmar and China to the northwest, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the southeast, and Thailand to the west and southwest. This article is about the country in Southeast Asia. [46], Male life expectancy at birth was at 62.6 years and female life expectancy was at 66.7 years in 2017. head to the ancient capital of Laos - Vientiane, soak in the countryside of Pakse, and play with mischievous dolphins in 4000 Islands. It is a hand-woven silk skirt that can identify the woman who wears it in a variety of ways. Traveling to Laos and visiting Vientiane capital, you must not miss Wat Sisaket temple. Shortly after, the Kingdom of Champasak and the territory of Vientiane were added to the protectorate. Buddha park in Vientiane, Laos. [80] Following the Vue Mai incident, debate over the Hmong's planned repatriation to Laos intensified greatly, especially in the United States, where it drew strong opposition from many American conservatives and some human rights advocates. [126] In addition, the country's plentiful water resources and mountainous terrain enable it to produce and export large quantities of hydroelectric energy. Muay Lao is an ancient martial art practiced throughout Laos, but mainly in the capital of Vientiane. Cities []. "Lao Refugees Return Home Under European Union Repatriation Program", Associated Press Worldstream, 22 11, 1994. The area was originally settled because of the fertility of the surrounding alluvial plains, and Vientiane became the capital city of Laos around the mid 16th century. The Tai-Kadai Languages, ":: Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission, R.o.c. French is used in government and commerce, and Laos is a member of the French-speaking organisation of La Francophonie. Vientiane is the capital and largest city in Laos. Most of the population (63%) resides within . Calculating U.S. [133], The tourism sector has grown rapidly, from 80,000 international visitors in 1990, to 1.876million in 2010,[134] when tourism had been expected to rise to US$1.5857billion by 2020. According to the International Monetary Fund, as of 01.01.2020, they amounted to USD 1.128 million. Laos applied for membership of the World Trade Organization in 1997; on 2 February 2013, it was granted full membership. It is bordered by Myanmar (used to be known in English as "Burma") and by China to the northwest, by Vietnam to the east, by Cambodia to the south and by . Ngum was descended from a long line of Lao kings that traced back to Khoun Boulom. Mon-Khmer groups, the Hmong, and other indigenous hill tribes live in the foothills and mountains. In an effort to halt the planned repatriation, the Republican-led USSenate and House of Representatives both appropriated funds for the remaining Thailand-based Hmong to be immediately resettled in the United States; Clinton, however, responded by promising a veto of the legislation. Life expectancy 65 years (men), 68 years (women) Currency kip . Very few of the Lao refugees, however, were willing to return voluntarily. Additionally, many elite and French-educated Lao immigrated to nations such as the United States and France to escape government persecution. The national carrier is Lao Airlines. Today, French has a healthier status in Laos than the other Francophone nations of Asia and about 35% of all students in Laos receive their education in French, with the language being a required course in many schools. It is evident throughout the country, expressed in language, temples and the arts and literature. Laos is a part of the Southeast Asian region. 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