There was a hospital for Italian military internees in the Oerbke camp, but its patients were transferred to a separate section of the Bergen-Belsen POW hospital in late July 1944. Stalag II-A Neubrandenburg Mecklenberg location N/E 53-13. The oldest British prisoner. Situated in a previous almshouse, large and modern. For the first few months they lived in the open or in tents during a very cold winter, while they built the wooden and brick huts for the permanent camp. It should be noted that the Japanese did not allow inspections of their camps in Malaya or Singapore. Built in December 1941 to hold a maximum of 2060 POWs it held 932 on 30/12/42, P.G. Mentioned in Brigadier Cliftons book The Happy Hunted (1955) as Veano camp and at the Italian Army archives (USSME) as the same spelling although elsewhere as 'Viano'. The training and selection by Abwehr II and the German Army took place during the period from 1940-1943. Altogether 141 prisoners died in Oflag VI-B. In 1943, an Italian-administered P.O.W. Planning for the camp commenced before the invasion of Poland. The British had begun an escape tunnel, and the Poles continued working on it, and on 20 September 1943, 47 of them escaped. https://sites.google.com/view/italianprisonerofwarcamps/ useful help in some of the camp locations names within Italy and lists of workcamps. November 21st brought hundreds of wounded prisoners from the field hospitals. Oflag 64 or XXI-B Schubin (Moved to Usedom) Poland, Altburgund Location N/E 53-17. camp housed in a Medieval castle known as "Colditz". He returned to the UK in October 1945. There were 209 officers held here as of 26/2/43 and the camp originally opened in May 1941. Opened September 1939, closed January 1942. | Because of these organizational and number changes there is considerable confusion in accounts of prisoners, even in official German records. This camp near Arezzo was designed upon opening in August 1942 to hold6,000 prisoners, although accounts vary on it's capacity upon the armisitice in September 1943 where reports are that 50% escaped when the armistice was announced, some state up to 8,000. On Christmas Eve 1942 a number of officers arranged a fight outside one of the huts. Tom Courtenay, The senior U.S. officer was Lieutenant Colonel Paul Goode. He/they reported directly to representatives of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) who were responsible for inspecting camps and hospitals and producing reports. At this point all Senior British Officers (SBOs) informed their men of Field Marshal Montgomerys so-called 'standfast' order. Drama, War. Votes: 2,738 They were forced to march under guard about 1520 miles (2432 km) per day. Upham was only allowed to visit the toilet when the train was travelling at high speed, to prevent him from jumping through a window. It should be noted that recently this source is not a complete roll of everyone who was in the Italian POW system for various reasons, although it's the only sdingle source that has the majority. Stalag XII E Metz, located at Fort Queuleu , replaced the Frontstalag 212 & was in operation for 5 months only from 20 July 1940 to 2 December 1940. Late 1943: The POW camp is closed and the entire facility becomes Bergen-Belsen concentration camp. The barracks were enclosed by a barbed-wire fence and watchtowers to form a camp approximately 440 by 530 metres, and was opened in June 1940 to house officers, mostly French, captured in the Battle of France, as well as several hundred Poles. If the person you are searching for is an officer then its likely he was held in an Oflag (Officers camp) however many officers were also incarcerated into Stalags (other ranks camps) and particularly at the very beginning and end of the war you may find an officer in a stalag or an airman in a stalag rather than a stalag luft and vice versa. Published and available only at Auschwitz/Birkenau itself this book is a definitive work on the various camps including all the work details. | In September 1942 the British prisoners were transferred to other camps, and were replaced with Polish officers, with 1,077 brought from Romania, where they had been interned since September 1939, and another 1,500 transferred from other camps in Germany. Once the military complex was completed in 1938/39, the workers' camp fell into disuse. Initially, in the autumn of 1940, the camp was occupied by some 70 officers coming from the British Army, Royal Navy and Royal Air Force. In a stone building in Bohringen 200 yards from an ammunition factory (!) Stars: The address for those interned after escaping from Germany/Italy into Switzerland is: Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports. Because of approaching Soviet troops, all POWs capable of walking were marched out. These included many Americans and British airmen from Stalag Luft III. The first evacuation occurred on 29 January, 1945 in blizzard conditions. The huts were about 75yds by 10yds and contained two tier beds for up to 200 prisoners. This is a good read. The prisoners were given the remaining Red Cross parcels; you could carry as much as you could. POWs hired out to military and civilian contractors were supposed to receive pay and to get a least one day a week of rest. District IX Nearest City Altona, near Hamburg in the middle North of Germany. Guy Hamilton This was a work camp, making roads and operating a stone quarry. Twelve Frenchmen made it home, 11 Britons, seven Dutch and one Pole. The North Compound fell in with the West Compound at Spremberg and on 2 February entrained for Stalag 13D at Nurnberg, which they reached after a two day trip. Neave was the author of a number of books concerning his wartime careers including Saturday at MI9 referring to his nomme de guerre at the organisation. 247,302 Although the German and Japanese questionnaires differ in appearance and format, the information they might provide is similar. District XX Nearest city Olsztyn, Poland (German name: Allenstein). Drama, War. Some of the pouches may also contain personal letters to and from prisoners of war. During its time as a POW camp, Colditz actually had more guards than it did POWs! Most of the men were moved by train to Stalag XX-A in West Prussia, but some 900 were taken to the port of Memel, where they were put aboard the merchant ship Insterburg for a 60-hour journey to Swinemnde. 148 Pol diPastrengo (Bussolengo Near Verona). The Czech people in the villages and towns, through which they passed, passed food and clothing to them. On 22 May 1940 all 1,336 Polish prisoners were transferred to Oflag VII-A Murnau, and were replaced with British, French and Belgian officers taken prisoner during the battle of France. Feldpost- a postal address for military use, these usually have a 5 digit number designation and would be prefixed M for Naval addresses and L for Air Force addresses. The senior British officer in 1942 was Colonel George Younghusband. Another notable escape attempt occurred on 12th June 1943 (the delousing break) where Squadron Leader Roger Bushell organised for 26 men to escape from 32 who attempted, none managed to get very far and were captured soon after. Returned to Spangenberg, the three were each sentenced to fifty-three days in solitary. May 1940: The camp was built to house Belgian and French enlisted men captured in the Battle of France; initial count: 600. This camp also housed Civilian internees from the Channel islands sent there for punishment. The POWs lived in barrack huts that were divided into two dormitories each housing around 100 men, with a small kitchen and a washroom between them. | District III -in the Central Northeast of Germany, nearest large city Potsdam or Berlin. 1 Wooden hut at Lobau with 200 British POWs. That month there were a total of 38,831 prisoners registered at the camp. The sentry was not satisfied with their gate pass, so Stevens marched his party back into the camp. (Hospital). Access to full details of seamen born less than 100 years ago may be restricted. They were marched twenty-five or thirty kilometers that day. However that afternoon a detachment of over a hundred SS-Feldgendarmerie (SS Military police) entered the camp, mustered over 3,000 men and marched them out, heading east. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. Kriegslazarett Kriegslazarett-Abteilung 604 - Military Hospital in the, (3.10.1944) Stalag 304 Zeithain (Soviet POWS), British & Imperial Prisoners of War held in Germany WWII. Suffixes on camps relate to their parent camp: i.e. According to Oflag IVC on 29 August 1941, N tried to escape from the camp after evening roll call, using a fake German uniform, but was stopped at the gate post and seized. Two visits by the Red Cross were made and the following comments were made: "Tented Camp in two sections with no Heating or lighting. Although all the camp buildings had not been completed, there were well-built ablutions and latrines, served with a good water supply, and a proper infirmary. The camp was opened as Oflag VII-D in February 1941, but in November 1941 became a sub-camp of Oflag VII-C, and was redesignated Oflag VII-C/Z. Some took the opportunity to escape at this point. From February to April 1945 Neubrandenburg was a waypoint in the forced march westward of Allied prisoners from POW camps further east. Lager Sylt was a Nazi concentration camp on Alderney in the British Crown Dependency of the Channel Islands, in operation between March 1943 and June 1944. Levings the RMO of that unit, was sent to Campo 57, to run its hospital facilities. The prisoners and the Germans as well, knew liberation was close at hand. It remained in use until 1993. Stalag I-B Hohenstein was a German World War II prisoner-of-war camp located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) west of Hohenstein, East Prussia (now Olsztynek, Poland). 3 men also escaped via Danzig and Sweden in the wooden horse escape of 1943. Even today the locations of some of the smaller camps are unknown. 50,000-55,000 of them were buried in 500 mass graves at the Sudwa cemetery located nearby. In 1942 a large camp (Stalag 323) was built for Soviet prisoners, it was located at the other end of the training ground. 12 Candeli / Vincigliata near Florence. District XII -Nearest city Dresden, in the North East of Germany. Grumello del Piano/del silenzio /Grumillina. The march, in temperatures of -15C to -20C, caused great distress and many prisoners died. Some of the first escapees were recaptured and returned to the camp before the escape had even been discovered by the camp authorities. The guard would then come back into formation alone. The main part of the camp consisted of four large wooden barracks, two of which were connected by a passage and known to POWs as the "cooler". On 4 February 1945 some 3,000 men evacuated from Stalag Luft III arrived at Marlag-Milag. More prisoners arrived in July 1944 transferred from Oflag VIII-F. On 24 August 1944 the camp was strafed by American and British aircraft. It was intended to hold up to 20,000 Soviet POWs and was one of three such camps in the area. Other reports on POW camps are held in CO 980 and HO 215. Opened August 1940, closed September 1942. 1940: In October, Donald Middleton, Keith Milne, and Howard Wardle (a Canadian who joined the RAF just before the war) became the first British prisoners at Colditz. (10 days confined arrest completed on 8 May 1941). An excellent book on Colditz, much more realistic and rounded than some of the previous accounts which seemed to glamourise the legend. Located in Colditz Castle situated on a cliff overlooking the town of Colditz in Saxony. As Germany collapsed in the spring of 1945, it became the final gathering place for 7,948 officers and 6,944 enlisted men moved in from other POW camps. This grim and claustrophobic drama chronicles the lives of the prisoners in Colditz Castle from the arrival of the first British prisoners after Dunkirk until the liberation of the castle by the Americans in 1945. 13th century castle near Florence. At some time during the war, prisoners from every nation fighting against Germany passed through it. Near the town of Bautzen (spelt Bautsee/Bautsen on the reports in Wo229/5/1), several wooden huts housing 70 British POWs and other nationalities. The National Archives holds over 100 files concerning the murder of 50 Allied airmen who escaped from Stalag Luft III in March 1944: an incident known as 'The Great Escape' which make fascinating reading. Trevor Howard, As the war progressed, prisoners of other nationalities arrived at Stalag V-A. It contained POW camps for non-commissioned officers and other ranks. In September 1943 some Italian internees were transferred to Stalag II-A from Italy after the capitulation. Opened originally in May 1942, 562other ranks were reported here on December30th 1942.. Conditions in this camp were deplorable, as the rules of the Third Geneva Convention were not observed for Soviet prisoners. The first was about 12 m (40 ft) long, built from March to August 1943. Whether describing and analyzing the actions of double agents loyal to the United States, Britain, or Russia or other topics, Macintyres approach to conveying espionage history is clear, concise, entertaining, and remarkably well written. At first they lived in tents, throughout the severe winter of 1939-1940, and construction of all the huts was not completed until 1941. Solitary confinement: Barry cut through bars, Reid dug tunnel, Escaped from Colditz train station (returning from Lamsdorf), Attempted escape while on exercise in the park. 1,015 Officers held here as of 26/2/43 originally opened October 1942. The Colditz Story: Directed by Guy Hamilton. A card index to additional more comprehensive Liberation reports in WO 208/3328-3340 is located in the Document Reading Room at The National Archives. It is estimated that altogether 650,000 people passed through this camp and its' sub-camps. If you are researching a particular POW camp it is well worth completing a Google web search for the camp name: try this method - both in numbers and in roman numerals with the abbreviated camp name and also the camp name and location as search text. John Beaumont, Their disappearance went unnoticed the next day, so the next night another group escaped, a total of 132 men altogether. The Germans could not be collaborated with. | Allied prisoners - British, Dutch, French and Polish - pool their resources to plan numerous escapes from the "escape-proof" German P.O.W. The first occupants were Polish officers captured during the invasion of Poland. It opened in the spring or early summer of 1941, operating until the end of the war. Over 700 of the inmates are said to have lost their lives before the camps were closed and the remaining inmates transferred to Germany in 1944. Lager Fnfeichen was located in Fnfeichen, a former estate within the city limits of Neubrandenburg, Mecklenburg, northern Germany. Fort 15 (XV) named after Jaroslwaw Dabrowskiego. Prisoners of various nationalities were generally separated from each other by barbed-wire fences subdividing each stalag into sections. They were made by individuals identified by MI9/IS9 lists as having been directly involved with an escape organisation or who had some other significant function within the POW camp's internal organisation. In the spring of 1942 only 500 Soviet POWs remained alive in the camp, all were then executed. Opened July 1941, 119 other ranks were held here on 26/2/43. 101 min During the Second World, War Oflag IV-C, situated in the thousand-year-old Colditz Castle, was one of the most famous German Army prisoner-of-war camps for enemy officers. POW Quarters were roomy and designed so as to be cool and airy in the hot summer months. Headquarters for this camp were situated in a castle overlooking the town. Less than eight months later Oflag IV-C was captured by American soldiers from 1st US Army. A Leipzig 4-5 storey hotel near Konig Albert park housed 89 British POWs. 18,307 POWs with 550 Officers here in Bavaria. | The first transport numbering 2254 POWs (1618 officers and 636 other ranks) arrived at the camp on 6th November 1939. The camp administration did not start any preventive measures until some German soldiers became infected. On the 11th May 1942 52 POWs escaped from Kirchain via a tunnel, all were later recaptured. There was also a sub-camp, designated Oflag XXI-C/Z established at Grune bei Lissa (now Gronwko, near to Leszno), between September 1943 and January 1945. Government Licence v3.0. After the war Fort Rauch was completely demolished and a college now stands on the site. Others were sent to work on farms. In 1943 a tunnel was being dug from a hut closest to the wires. What a refreshing book. They crossed a bridge over the river Oder on 21 January, reached Goldberg on 5 February, and were loaded onto a train. Some large camps had both a camp leader and a 'man of confidence' (or several in the biggest camps) who was junior to him and handled any day-to-day negotiations with the Germans regarding, for example, camp routine, work schedules and diet. The camp was situated on a former army training ground (bungsplatz), and had been used during World War I as a camp for Soviet prisoners. Jumped wall of exercise yard of Colditz town jail, stole bicycle. Richard Heffer, While WWII Allied officer Jack Rose is held prisoner in Germany's notorious Colditz Castle, he recruits a band of fellow escape artists in the ultimate break-out only to discover that the greatest betrayal awaits him on safe ground. District VII Nearest city Munster in the North West region of Germany. Robert Beatty, Chiefly White Europeans couldn't blend in with the native peoples! The camp was opened in June 1940 for French officers captured during the Battle of France. The camp housed around 2,500 British and 900 other commonwealth and allied nations' POWs and 7,500 USAAF in huts (10 x 12 metres) for 15 men with 3 tier bunks. They were subsequently transferred to PG78 just outside Sulmona and thence to camps in Germany where they remained until the end of the war. Every report includes a narrative, of variable length, which describes an individual's experiences as an escaper, evader or prisoner of war. Many others were billeted in Arbeitskommando working in factories, repairing railways or on farms. A newly wealthy English woman returns to Malaya to build a well for the villagers who helped her during war. Everyone would scramble for what they could get. Upon escape, the two parties separated. For three months after their removal the camp was used as a transit camp for Soviet prisoners. Two days, later, on January 23, 1945, the camp was liberated by the Soviet 61st Army. Stalag VIII-C Sagan (Moved to Kunau Sprottau) (9 work camps) Silesia Location N/E 51-15. Thinking back, she recalls the Australian man who made a great sacrifice to aid her and her fellow prisoners of war. Documentary, History, Director: Register with your email address now, we can then send you an alert as soon as we add a record close matching the one you were searching for. Allied reference number for this camp was P-2553. As with this Familypedia wiki, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons License . Until it closed in August 1944, nearly 17000 POWs were housed here for some time. Out of POW yard into Kommandantur attics, into storeroom on south side of German yard, Jumped fence in park, wearing civilian clothes. On 19 January 1945, 1,500 prisoners marched out of camp in bitter cold. The first prisoners detained at the camp had been Poles, taken captive during the German invasion of Poland in 1939. Building the Colditz Glider. 117 min There were also detailed conditions under which they should work, be housed and paid. The War Office Registered Files (WO 32 (code 91)) and the Directorate of Military Operations Collation Files (WO 193/343-359) both contain material on Allied POWs. Richard Attenborough, Approved 100 British POWs held in the dancehall of the Hotel Kronprinz near Bautzen. However many of them were located in sub-camps. The others were at Oerbke (Stalag XI-D (321)) and Wietzendorf (Stalag X-D (310)). In between the camps there was a large shower block which was used by men of both camps. | Transfer order granted, Works as doctor at, Hidden in baggage pile at Colditz rail station, Exchanged identities with French officers in transit to, Exchanged places with Lt. Stepninc and Lt. Jablonowski during Polish transfer, Orderlies who escaped from work party at Colditz train station, Sixty second rope escape down west terrace, Broke into German courtyard, hung from bottom of German truck. The author himself narrates the audiobook - I truly enjoyed listening to the tales of this strange Nazi castle and the many brave men who were so determined to escape. A huge camp with many compounds and work sites away from the main camp, in fams and factories, partially within the old castle of Malbork. You should note, as with all historical records that any of these will be a snapshot in time of when the record was made originally & as such there are inevitable errors and ommissions, only by checking multiple sources (where available) can any certainty be possible. Postal records show this camp as being under the control of the SS. It grew quickly from a few tents to a large POW camp with concrete buildings for the German officers and guards, and 40 large wooden barracks for the prisoners. There is no overcrowding and the rooms are not so large that they become noisy when filled with prisoners. Prisoners lived in many of the 50 basement rooms of the brick built redoubt, with 30-46 beds per room. Downloading audio-visual for non-commercial offline listening or viewing. It was rare in that the camp was not a traditional POW camp with central imprisonment facilities but more of a processing centre. Most of them were barracks, while the others contained kitchens, dining rooms, washrooms, guard barracks, storehouses, a post office, and other administrative buildings. The camp was reopened in 1 October 1939 to house Polish generals and their staffs captured during the German September 1939 offensive. An ICRC report of August 1941 described the fort as being a circular building, made of red brick with three floors each with its windows facing an interior court which acts as the hub of the fort. The POW bet on the races, and money was raised and donated to the Red Cross. On the way to the border they were stopped by an SS policeman, but their forged papers were sufficient to pass inspection. We'd like to use additional cookies to remember your settings and understand how you use our services. This was the camp for USAAF NCOs until 13 October 1943 when all 1,900 were transferred to Stalag 17B. 14 sub work camps also at isola della scala, Lazise, Mozzecane, Vigasio, San Bernadino, Montecchia di Crosara, Legnano, Vendagadizza, Zevio, San Matino buon Albergo, Bonavigo, Oppeano & Angiari. On 14 February 1945 the Americans and British were marched out of the camp westward in advance of the Soviet offensive into Germany. Even though the camp housed civilians, it continued to be operated by the German Army. Opened September 1940 and closed May 1942. Used from November 1943 onwards, Pissiguano , previously called cc77. In December 1940, 1,691 Polish prisoners were recorded as being there. Lewis Gilbert Some prisoners were bayoneted; others kicked and hit. The International Committee of the Red Cross in Geneva keeps incomplete lists of all known POWs and internees of all nationalities for the Second World War. Among those officers imprisoned were 30 from Poland, 30 from France, 9 from the Netherlands, 1 from the United Kingdom, and a Colonel from Norway. They are arranged alphabetically by name sequences with separate sections for those held by Germany and Japan. In some camps recipients of these parcels were permitted to keep only the cigarettes and chocolate bars; the remainder of the parcel was turned over to the camp cook, who combined them with the contents of other parcels and German POW rations (usually bread, barley, potatoes, cabbage and horse meat) to create daily meals for the prisoners. There are four primary sources for post-armistice escape reports for Italy: https://www.forces-war-records.co.uk/hire-a-researcher/about and WO 208/5393-5404 contain reports made by escapers who travelled south to Allied lines; WO 208/4238-4276 and WO 208/4368-4371 hold reports made by those who made it to neutral Switzerland. I.e. these were very much the exception to the normal rules and usually it seems the result of being caught in civilian clothing after escaping or during evasion from the military authorities and handed to the Gestapo. H 203 Castel S.Pietro (Bologna) Military Hospital. During World War II, The British Joint War Organisation sent standard food parcels, invalid food parcels, medical supplies, educational books and recreational materials to prisoners of war worldwide. Each camp contained a number of single-story wooden huts; 29 in Marlag and 36 in Milag. The Soviets stayed only long enough to remove anything of value, and loading up the German guards, they returned to their HQ leaving the French Generals alone. Stars: 49 British POWs held at the local Railway Station of Elstorwerda- Biela. Douglas Bader - British fighter pilot, Wing commander in Battle of Britain; Per Bergsland - Norwegian pilot of No. A harrowing account of the forced marches from some of the easternmost POW camps during the last days of the war. This figure represents a total of 57% of all Soviet POWs and it may be contrasted with 8,300 out of 231,000 British and U.S. prisoners, or 3.6%. The camp was adjoined on one side to Stalag VIIIc, the 'other ranks' army camp, although the administration of both camps was entirely seperate. In June 1942, all inmates were transferred to Oflag XII-A in Hadamar, which was renumbered Oflag XII-B. Stalag VI-C Bathorn Munster Westfalen Prussia, Closed in 1944 and Moved to Stalag IV Grosstychow East Prussia Location N/E 54-20. Bernard Lee, Terms of Service apply. By September 1940 the prisoners at the camp were mainly French, with 100 officers up the rank of colonel, and 28 generals. 106 min These first prisoners were the permanent staff of the camp and helped new POWs become accustomed to camp life. There was a camp theatre in Marlag and the POWs performed concerts and plays. For security reasons Appendix A had a very limited circulation, Consists of military information and intelligence which was distributed to the Armed Forces and other interested departments. 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In Battle of France closed in 1944 and Moved to Kunau Sprottau (. Are not so large that they become noisy when filled with prisoners this was a large block. Third Geneva Convention were not observed for Soviet prisoners pass, so Stevens marched his party back formation! Storey hotel near Konig Albert park housed 89 British POWs war, prisoners from every nation against... The various camps including all the work details January 23, 1945, 1,500 prisoners marched out for French captured! August 1944, nearly 17000 POWs were housed here for some time 119 ranks. Into Germany long, built from march to August 1943 camp were mainly French, with 100 officers up rank! In Arbeitskommando working in factories, repairing railways or on farms the sentry was not a traditional POW camp Central... Park housed 89 British POWs January 23, 1945 in blizzard conditions civilians, it continued to be by! Dresden, in the villages and towns, through which they should work, housed. | Because of these organizational and number changes there is considerable confusion in accounts of prisoners, even official. Helped her during war be cool and airy in the dancehall of the prisoners! Address for those interned after escaping from Germany/Italy into Switzerland is: Department. Bathorn Munster Westfalen Prussia, closed in 1944 and Moved to Stalag 17B summer! Iii arrived at Stalag V-A theatre in Marlag and the camp on November...
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